Institutionally; issues of national development are handled first at the level of Cabinet, which sits in the Office of the President. Cabinet provides overall leadership of the national development agenda. At the technical level, national development is spearheaded by the Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development (MoFPED). MoFPED derives its mandate from the 1995 constitution of the Republic of Uganda. It is mandated to formulate sound economic and fiscal policies that lead to sustainable economic growth and development.  In this respect, MoFPED plays a pivotal role in the co-ordination of development planning; mobilisation of public resources; and ensuring effective accountability for the use of such resources for the benefit of all Ugandans.

The Ministry works closely with its affiliated agencies like Bank of Uganda( responsible for monetary policy), Uganda Revenue Authority(responsible for assessing, collecting and accounting for Central Government tax revenue), National Planning Authority( responsible for visionary and long term national development planning), Uganda Bureau of Statistics(principal data collecting, processing, analysing and disseminating agency, responsible for coordinating and supervising the National Statistical System), and Office of the Prime Minister(the leader of Government Business). These institutions work together to ensure effective implementation of national development objectives. However, given the holistic nature of development, ultimately all MDA’s are part of and play an active role in national development.