The 2024 edition of the National State of the Environment report highlights Uganda’s natural resource base and how it is under increasing pressure from rapid population growth, agricultural expansion, urbanization, and climate change. Forest cover continues to decline while wetlands are being degraded and converted for farming and construction. These changes are weakening the country’s ecological systems, reducing biodiversity, and diminishing the ecosystem services that sustain livelihoods, agriculture, and hydropower generation.

The Country Climate and Development Report 2025 underscores Uganda’s urgent need to adopt a comprehensive and prioritized approach to climate action, balancing its long-term development aspirations with its high vulnerability to climate shocks.

The Business Climate Index (BCI) improved marginally by 3.7 index points from 88.8 in the previous quarter (January-March 2025) to 92.5 in the current quarter (April-June 2025). Increased business activity, sales turnover, profitability, and improved selling prices are responsible for the slight increase in business sentiment during the current quarter.

The Africa Sustainable Development Report (ASDR) is an annual publication that monitors the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the African Union’s Agenda 2063. The 2025 edition was produced under the theme: Advancing sustainable, inclusive, science-and evidence-based solutions for the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its Sustainable Development Goals for leaving no one behind, and the African Union's Agenda 2063. The Report focused on SDGs 3, 5, 8, 14, and 17, along with corresponding goals of Agenda 2063.

The Global Innovation Index 2025 (GII) takes the pulse of innovation against a background of steady but slow global economic growth, shrinking innovation finance and sluggish productivity. It reveals the most innovative economies in the world, ranking the innovation performance of around 130 economies while highlighting innovation strengths and weaknesses. In the Global Innovation Index (GII) 2025, Uganda was ranked 124th out of 139 economies.

The Economic Report on Africa (ERA) is the flagship annual publication of the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA). It is a comprehensive analytical report that reviews Africa’s economic performance and prospects, focusing on key structural issues such as trade, industrialization, finance, technology, governance, and regional integration.

Increasing proliferation of pests has continued to threaten food security in Uganda. In Uganda, crop losses due to pests and diseases are estimated at 10-20% (pre-harvest) with an annual loss in monetary terms amounting to US$ 35-200 million (bananas), US$60-80 million (cassava), US$10 million (cotton), and US$8 million (coffee). This has constrained food access among poor households and the susceptibility to pests and diseases in most of the food insecure regions is a major obstacle to staple food availability, limits food access and leads to food security.

The fourth National Development Plan (NDP IV), identifies philanthropy Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)) as one private financing options that can be leveraged by government over the medium term. According to the Public Investment Financing Strategy (PIFS) 2022, optimizing the benefits associated with CSR in Uganda requires that activities aligned to CSR be streamlined.

The GII assesses countries based on various indicators, including institutions, human capital and research, infrastructure, market sophistication, and business sophistication. Uganda's lower ranking suggests challenges in areas such as research and development, infrastructure, and innovation outputs.

In July 2025, a smart meter power plant worth Ushs 54 billion was inaugurated in Kawempe, Kampala, by the Minister of Energy and Mineral Development. The plant features full-scale production lines, quality control systems, and laboratory testing facilities with the capability to meet international meter manufacturing standards. When the plant is fully operational, it will have capacity to produce 600-700K single phase meters and 300-350K three-phase meters annually.